In normal mechanical movement, some parts of the hydraulic pump will be damaged. Each component needs to be fully protected to ensure the long-term stable operation of the power component. Everyone knows that hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors have very different execution elements and certain similarities in energy conversion. They mainly realize mechanical movement through traditional hydraulic methods. So what are the similarities and differences between hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors?
1. Similarities between hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors
In principle, hydraulic motors and hydraulic pumps are reversible. If the output is pressure energy when driven by an electric motor, this is a hydraulic pump. If we input pressure oil and output mechanical energy, it is a hydraulic motor. This is like the relationship between a generator and an electric motor. As long as certain specific parameters are changed, the opposite working process can be achieved. Structurally, the two are similar. Hydraulic motors and hydraulic pumps have the same basic structural elements, which is closed. The working principle of hydraulic motors and hydraulic pumps is to use the change of sealed working volume to absorb and discharge oil. When the hydraulic pump is working normally, normal oil absorption will occur. However, if the volume continues to increase, the amount of oil absorption will increase abnormally. On the contrary, when the volume is infinitely reduced, the hydraulic oil will be squeezed out continuously, while the hydraulic motor works in the opposite way.
2. Differences between hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors
The hydraulic pump is a conversion device that converts the mechanical energy of the motor into hydraulic energy. It mainly outputs flow and pressure, and has high volumetric efficiency; but the hydraulic motor is a conversion device that converts the pressure energy of the liquid into mechanical energy. It mainly outputs torque and speed, and has high mechanical efficiency. Therefore, we often say that the hydraulic pump is a power element, and the hydraulic motor with stable quality is an actuator. Because the steering of the output shaft of the hydraulic motor must be able to rotate forward and reverse, its structure is symmetrical; and the hydraulic motor has a separate leakage oil port in addition to the inlet and outlet; the hydraulic pump generally has only inlet and outlet, and the internal leakage oil is connected to the inlet.
There is still a big difference between hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors. We must not confuse the two when using them. When selecting actuators, we must choose according to the requirements of the hydraulic system. We must know where the different models and specifications should be used.